Wall and ceiling construction



March 12, 1935. N K ETAL A 1,993,792

WALL AND CEILING CONSTRUCTION Filed May 2, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet l l l I INVENTORS l-Taso FZMANSKL-i OL/ vE/eEG/sso/v;

March 12, 1935. F. A. MANSKE El AL WALL AND CEILING CONSTRUCTION Filed May 2, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS B n 3 m ME 0 E m mmm March 1935. F. A. MANSKE ET AL WALL AND CEILING CONSTRUCTION Filed May 2, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 6K5 BSOAI.

7 EA 0 v 0 V r T 9 EW M Patented Mar. 12, 1935 1,993,792

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1,993,792 WALL AND CEILING CONSTRUCTION- Fred A. Manske and Oliver E. Gibson, Chicago,

111., assignors to United States Gypsum Company, Chicago, 11]., a corporation of Illinois Application May 2, 1932, Serial No. 608,612

25 Claims. (Cl. 72-46) This invention relates to building constructions, be simple to erect, inexpensive to fabricate, and and has reference more particularly to wall and effective for the purposes set forth. ceiling constructions in which building panels are Another object of the invention is to provide attached to supporting studs or frame work. swivel clips for pivotally and slidably connecting In building structures where the walls and ceilwall panels to supports. 5

ings have been constructed of building panels, Another object of the invention is to provide such as gypsum boards, fiber boards, etc., secured wall constructions comprising means for supportto a metal or wooden frame work, there have ing the edges of board panels, as well as frame;- been many expedients suggested for attaching work or stud means and means for connecting the the panels to the frame work. These various frame work or stud means with the board edges, 10 expedients, however, have all, to the best of our said construction allowing for a relatively large knowledge and information, been concerned with factor of variation of the elements set forth, one securing rectangular panels in conventional with relation to the other, during erection, and structures. In short, the joints of adjoining imparting considerable elasticity to the erected panels have always been laid either horizontally structure whereby bulging or cracking under con- 15 or vertically to the frame work members or studs tortional stresses will be minimized. without substantial variation. Thus decorative Another object of the invention is to provide formations and unusual arrangements of the panel board building structures which may be panels or unconventional placement of the superected in unconventional relationships, such as ports with relation to the panel edges have not have been heretofore largely considered imprac- 20 heretofore been considered feasible. ticable.

We have been impressed by the fact that an Another object of the invention is to provide extensive field for the utilization of wallboard, and swivel clips adapted for sound deadened building like building panels of whatever type desired, as construction.

well as associated products, would be opened by Another object of the invention is to provide a 25 the provision of means whereby unusually shaped fireproof wall construction for the purposes set panels could be erected in wall or ceiling conforth; also to improve building constructions in struction in such relationships or edge configuraother respects hereinafter specified and claimed. tions as might be desired, but without increasing Reference is to be had to the accompanying the cost of such construction substantially beyond drawings forming a part of this specification, in

that prevalent for the conventional types of con-. which: struction. Moreover, we have been aware of a Figure 1 is an elevation of a wall or ceiling long-felt need in the building industry for ecosection; nomical means to adequately secure panels in Figure 2 is a perspective view of a swivel clip,

5 wall or ceiling construction where the frame work showing its application to a flanged, panel-supmembers or supports are by necessity or design. porting runner of a type which has been found erected in an extraordinary manner relative to particularly suitable;

the board-edge joints. Unconventional constr'uc- Figure 3 is a Sectional, end elevation n Which tions to obtain decorative effects are of particua Swivel clip embodying features of the invention lar advantage in such structures as auditoriums, is Shown in engagement with the flanges of a 40 convention or assembly halls, exhibition halls or strujctural or P buildings, lobbies, or any other places where the Flgure 4 1S perspectlve of swlvel 011p environment is enhanced by decorative effects; partlculafly adapted attachment to Wooden whileunusual framework or support design may Stud or frame member be found in any building structure in which building panels might be used to advantage. connecting the parts of the on}? It 1s therefore an ob ect of this invention to Figure 6 is an upper plan View of a modified provide means for attaching building panels to form of Swivel clip;

studs or other frame work supports, which will Fig is a plan View f the under side of the 50 permit such panels to be erected without regard clip illustrated in Fig to 101m pl m or e r f n r re1ation-; Fig. 8 is a sectional plan View taken on line ship of panel joints and supports. 8-8 of Fig. 6;

A further object of the invention is to provide Fig. 9 is a fragmentary, isometric view of a v. z

constructions of the class described which will section embodying principles of the h 55 of Fig. 4, showing a suggested manner of pivotally Figure 5 is a sectional view through the clip and illustrating the adaptation of a metallic base member we have found very desirable for fireproof wall construction;

Fig. 10 is an isometric plan view of another modified form of swivel clip;

Fig. 11 is a sectional elevation of the form of clip shown in Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a swivel clip adapted to directly engage the board edges in panel board construction where plastic material is to be applied to the outer surface;

Fig. 13 is a modified form of clip for similar purposes as the clip of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary, perspective view of a plastered wall or partition showing the adaptation of resilient, swiveled clips in the structure;

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of one form of swiveled, resilient clip;

Fig. 16 is a sectional view taken on line 16-16 of Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a perspective view of another form of swiveled resilient clip; and

Figure 18 is a sectional view taken on line 18-18 of Fig. 17.

In the construction of decorative, modernistic, or more or less unconventional wall or ceiling structures, such as illustrated in Fig. 1, the same may comprise a plurality of trapezoidal panel boards 20, or boards of any other desired shapes, the adjoining edges of which may be supported by H-shaped channel or runner strips 21. These runners 21 are preferably constructed of sheet metal folded to form a body portion 22, the edges of which are folded back upon body portion 22 to form flanges 23, which are again bent upwardly to form closely abutting channel webs 24. The upper edges of webs 24 are bent outwardly to form flange strips 25, the flanges 23 and 25 and the webs 24 forming oppositely disposed charmels for the reception of the adjoining edges of boards 20. These boards 20 may, of course, be of any desired type, such as gypsum wall board, fiber board, multi-ply board or the like. The edges of the boards 20 may be arranged in such manner that certain of the runners 21 will, as illustrated in Fig. 1, appear to radiate from a hub or plate 27, while other runners may connect the transverse edges of the boards and be arranged to appear as connecting the radiating runners, so as to obtain a substantially spider web effect. A multitude of other desirable designs will, of course, spring to the mind of one skilled in such matters, and our invention contemplates in one of its phases facilitating the application of the artists ingenuity in this type of construction.

In order to connect runners 21 to the studding or frame work of the dotted lines in Fig. 1, means are provided which are adaptable to any angular or crosswise relationship of the studding or frame work means and runners 21. This studding or frame work means may be either of metal or wood construction, as desired. As also seen in dotted lines in Fig. 1, swivel clips 29, of a type illustrated in Figs. 2 through 5, may comprise this connecting means. These clips preferably comprise a runner engaging portion 30 and a stud or frame work engaging portion 31, pivotally connected by any suitable means, such as rivet means 32. The clips may be made of sheet metal, portion 30 having its edges bent inwardly at an acute angle thereto to form a pair of flanges 34 to constitute a pair of oppositely ingly receiving outstanding flanges 25 of a runner 21. When the edges of the wall panels are instructure, indicated by disposed channels for slid-- serted in the channels of runner 21, flanges 34 of the clip will be forced against flanges 25 of the runner whereby to substantially lock the clip in place. While portion 30 with flanges 34 of the clips is illustrated as particularly adapted to engage a runner 21, many modifications may be used which will adapt the same for somewhat different structural relationships to accomplish substantially the same objective.

There are in practice certain standard types of studding or frame work means which must be definitely anticipated in the design of a clip adapted for the purposes in contemplation. The three most common types of such means encountered are metallic channel bars, or H- or I-bars, and wooden members. With this fact in view. the form of clip shown in Fig. 2 is especially adapted for use in structures in which channel bars are used as studs or grillage bars. Portion 31 of this clip, therefore, preferably comprises a web 36 having one edge thereof turned over to form flange 37 adapted to engage over a leg of a channel frame member, while the opposite edge of web 36 is adapted to be turned up at substantially right angles to the web to form flange 38 adapted to retain the clip on said channel frame member. Where the frame work members comprise H- or I-bars 39 (see Fig. 3), portion 31 of the clips may be constructed to adapt the same to engage over legs 40 of one side of member 39. In such case, portion 31 will be substantially a duplicate in form of portion 30'of the clip. That is, it will comprise a web 41, the edges of which are turned up along two sides to form flanges 42 bent inwardly at an acute angle to the plane of the web 41 to form opposed channels for the reception of legs 40 of member 39. In order to provide for attachment of the clips to wooden supports of the types commonly employed for the purpose, such as two by fours, for example, portion 31 of the clips may be constructed as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. Here web 44 is turned up at the ends to form substantially right angular flanges 45 provided with nailing perforations 46. Obviously, numerous modifications are possible to adapt the clips for engagement with other forms of structural members.

We have found that rivet means 32 are very satisfactory to provide swivel connection for portions 30 and 31 of the clips, and in order to reduce friction between the two portions and allow a more free swivel action, it has been found advantageous to raise that part of clip portion 30 adjacent rivet means 32 to provide an annular swivel base 48 around the same. This raised base 48 also serves to receive rivet head 49 in order that the same will be substantially flush with the inner face of portion 30 so as to provide no impediment to sliding the clip along a runner 21 while positioning the same in a wall or ceiling structure. Other suitable means for rendering the parts of the clips pivotal may be employed.

A modified form of swivel clip. is illustrated in Figs. 6, 7 and 8, in which a pair of disk-like members 50 and 51 are crimped together in rotatable relationship, whereby no rivets or like means are necessary to render the clips pivotal. In the preferred form of this modified clip, the periphery of disk member 51 is bent outwardly at an obtuse angle to form an annular flange 52, while the periphery of disk member 50 is bent up to form an annular flange 53 rotatably embracing flange 52 of disk 51. "It is preferable, though not essential, that disk 51 be'somewhat less in diameter than disk 50. A pair of oppositely disposed tongues 54 are cut from disk 50 and bent out of the plane thereof at anacute angle, and these tongues 54 are adapted to engage flanges 25 of a runner 21 in a manner substantially similar to that of flanges 34 of the form of clip described above in connection with Figs. 2 through 5. A pair of tongues 55 are cut from disk 51 and have their bases along opposite edges of a centrally disposed bridge 56. These tongues 55 are adapted to engage a stud or frame work member of a wall or ceiling, substantially as disclosed in Fig. 9, where tongues 55 are in engagement with-a leg 57 of channel member 58. It is to be understood, of course, that while the functions of tongues 54 and 55 have been set forth in certain specific relationships, no limitations as to their relative positions or uses are to be thereby construed, as either set of tongues might obviously be formed on either disk or both disks might be provided with similar sets of tongues, or other means may be substituted.

Figs. 10 and 11 illustrate another form of clip, comprising a disk-like member 60 and a runner engaging member 61. Member 61 preferably comprises a rectangular piece of sheet metal having two parallel edges bent inwardly at an acute angle to the plane of member 61 to form flanges 62 adapted to slidingly engage flanges 25 of a runner 21. Disk-like member 60 is provided with an annular bead 63 forming a rim around its periphery, and member 61, may, if desired, be provided with a corresponding beading 64 in its surface to form a track for bead 63, bead 64 being preferably somewhat more pronounced or raised than bead 63 so that the body of disk 60 will be retained out of contact with member 61 except at those points where beadings 63 and 64 cooperate. A pair of tongues 66 and 67 are severed from disk 60 adjacent beading 63, and are arranged in parallel relationship with their bases at bridging 68. Similarly to tongues 55 of the form of clip shown in Fig. 6, tongues 66 and 67 serveto engage a studding or frame work support member. Due to beading 63', it is desirable to provide either having upstanding,

one or both of the tongues 66 and 6'7 with a shank 69 at substantially right angles to disk member 60, before bending the tongue back to engage a flange of the support, so as to provide slidable clearance between the support member and beading 63. Connecting bands '10 may be formed integral with member 61, these bands being severed from the body of member 61 and having their bases adjacent beading 64. In order to connect disk member'60 and member 61 together, bands 70 are bent up through the apertures formed in member 60 by the cutting of tongues 66 and 6'7 to slidingly encircle the arcuate, peripheral rim 63 enclosing said apertures. Thus disk member 60 may pivot with relation to the member 61 within the limits formed by edges '71 of the tongue apertures.

A thoroughly fireproof wall construction may be obtained by means of the structure shown in Fig. 9, which preferably comprises a metallic base member, metal studs, composition panel boards, metallic runners and clips for securing the runners to the studs. In the preferred form, the metallic base member comprises a web '76, substantially right an u ar flanges 7'7, prongs 78 and 79 for engaging the ends of studs 58, and prongs 80 adapted to hold the edges of panel boards 81 against flanges 7'1. The prongs are all preferably formed by cutting the same directly from web 76, but they may also be formed separately and. then secured to web '76- in any suitable manner, as by spot welding. The prongs '18 are so positioned on the web '16 as to bear against flanges on one side of the stud 58, while prongs '79 are positioned to bear against the web of the stud on the opposite side to prongs 78, whereby these prongs frictionally and resiliently retain the stud between them. Any type of clip may be used for attaching runners 21 to the studs 58, but we preferably use a suitable form of swivel clip of a type hereinbefore described because of the many advantages obtainable through the use of such clips. For purposes of illustration we have shown a clip of the form described in connection with Figs. 6 to 8, as connecting the runner 21 to the stud 58. While the runner 21 of Fig. 9 is illustrated as being set diagonally to the horizontal, the use of swivel clips adapts the same to be set at any desired angle or parallel to stud 58. Perforations 7611 are provided in the web 76 for attaching said web to a foundation as by nails or other suitable means.

We find that a somewhat different form of clip is desirable in constructions where the room surface of a wall or ceiling is to be covered with a substantial plastic coating, such as plaster. In such a construction, while swivel clips find wide applicability, yet there is no need for a continuous runner strip to enclose adjoining edges of the boards. Therefore, we provide clips, embodying the swivel feature, for directly engaging and supporting the board edges and securing the same to the building supports, instead of providing means on the clips to engage a runner strip.

In Fig. 12 we have shown one formof swivel ,clip adapted for this purpose, the clip preferably comprising a plate 82, turned up at its edges to form flanges 82a which are provided with means for engaging a frame member. The frame engaging means preferably comprises a substantially T-shaped slot 83, with opposed jaws 83a providing the active means for engaging a frame member, such, for example, as a channel bar. Rivet 84, or any other suitable means, may be employed to attach plate 82 in rotatable relationship with a shortsection 85, about six inches long, for example, of runner strip for engaging the edges of the boards, said section being preferably in all essential respects similar to the runner strip 21, heretofore described, and the plate 82 being attached to the same at base 85a of the strip. In order to reduce friction between base 85a and plate 82 and permit freedom of rotation, a depressed portion 84a is preferably formed in the plate 82 surrounding rivet 84 to provide the only area of contact between the base and plate. If desired, flanges 86 of strip 85 may be somewhat wider than base 85a so that said flanges will extend substantially beyond the base to provide additional contact and support for the face of the boards adjacent the edges to be engaged by the clip.

In another form of clip for the same purpose, a disk 8'? may, as shown in Fig. 13, be secured to flanges 86 of section 85 by means of spot welding 88, or the like, the periphery of disk 8'7 being bent up and over to form an annular flange 89 which is adapted to rotatably embrace the periphery of a disk 90 which is provided with flanges 91 for engaging a building support. It will be apparent that section 85 and disk 90 are rotatable one to the other in a complete circle. Obviously, of course, the clips may take a great variety of forms, of which the present are only representative example, as parts of any of the described forms of clips may be combined to produce. the desired results.- The arrangement of the frame engaging and board engaging parts of the clip as illustrated in Fig. 12 will'be found advantageous where relatively thin coats of plastic material, such as plastic paint or the like, are to be applied to the surface of the wall, since it will be necessary only topover over the relatively thin flanges 86 of the clip.

Our swivel clips are also well adaptable to sound insulating walliconstruction. As an example of such a construction, there is shown in Fig. 14, a base 93, supporting stud 94 and fragments of plaster boards 95 attached to the stud; 94 by means of resilient, swivel clips 96. In order to provide for wider stud spacing without loss tween the elements, and while there is a subof rigidity in the wall, a strut 97, which may be a standard angle strip, is secured by any suitable means to the base of stud 94' and extends diag- =-onallyupwardly to the next adjacent stud, not

shown. Another resilient, swiveled clip 96 connects the panels to strut 97. Acoustical or other plaster 98 may be applied to the room surface of the wall.

The swivel clips 96 may be of a construction such as illustrated in Figs. 15 and 16. In this form of clip, the panel engaging section may comprise a pair of opposed channels, formed preferably of a single piece of sheet metal, having a base 100 turned back upon itself at the edges to form flanges 101, then upwardly to form webs 102, and then outwardly parallel with the flanges 101, to form flanges 103. The resilient, support-engaging portion of the clip may comprise a loop of resilient sheet metal, one end of the loop being straightened out and forming a base 106, and the other end being formed into a support engaging portion 107 which maybe of any required shape to receive a support but which is shown as adapted to receive the flange of'a channel member. The board engaging part and the support engaging part are suitably secured together by pivot means such, for example, as a rivet 109. To this end webs 102 are spaced apart at least'sufliciently to permit insertion of the shank of rivet 109. A perforation 110 is preferably formed in base 100 to receive the rivet, and

this aperture 110 may be of a size suflicient to allow the rivet head 111 to lie flush with base 100. The base 106 of loop 105 is preferably pro-' vided with an apertured depression 112, for receiving rivet head 113. Depression 112 also provides a pivot head of reduced contact with flanges 103, whereby friction is minimized bestantial connection between base 106 and flanges 10,3, yet the parts of the clip may be easily rotated as desired.

In the modification of resilient swivel clip illustrated in Figs. 17 and 18, the panel engaging part, which is preferably formed of sheet metal, comprises a web 114, the longitudinal edges of which are formed into a plurality of' prongs 115 bent in alternate opposite directions to substantially right angular relationship with web 114;. A plate 116 is secured to prongs 115 on one edge of web 114 by any suitable means, inch as spot welding 117. Rivet 118 connects the base 106 with plate 116, a raised portion 119 surrounding the head of rivet 118 .in plate 116 forming a pivoting contact between base 106 and plate 116, and functioning similarly to the depressed portion 112, in the form of clip shown in. Fig.10, ta reduce friction between the parts ency of loop of the clip. Sound insulating efliciency in this sound insulation, added acoustical correction is'lo secured. i

In constructing a wall or ceiling embodying the novel features of the present invention, wall panels of the desired sizes and configurations runner strips 21 and the runners connected to the wall or ceiling supports by means of swivel clips of a type suitable for the particular strucare provided; and the adjoining edges thereof 15 may be locked together in a plane by means of I ture then under consideration. Where the wall 20 or ceiling is to receive a plastic coating and it is desired to dispense with runners 21, the clips may be provided with some such board engaging means as suggested in Figs. 12 through 18.

It is apparent that great freedom may be ex- 25 ercised in this type of construction, since not only may the panel board joints be placed without regard to support placement except to ascertain that suflicient support is obtained for the panels, but the supports may likewise also 30 be placed as desired without regard to the angle they may assume during erection or subsequent thereto, relative to the panel joints. In other words, the joints and supports may be in an angular relationship of from 90- to any angle of 35 more or less than 90, or in parallelism, as desired. For many purposes the modified form of runner illustrated in Fig. 12 will be found suitable and render the use of additional clips unnecessary.

. 40 While we have particularly emphasized the practicability of applying our swivel clip idea to securing artistic or unconventional structures, it will be recognized by anyone familiar with this art that this is only one phase of the application 45 of our idea and that swivel clips, of sizes and shapes suitable to meet the structural arrangements and conditions under which they are to be applied, will flnd numerous advantageous uses.

We have found, for example, that in conven- 5 tional constructions the studs or supports are frequently subject to warping or shifting, often due to settling of the structure. With the conventional clips and fastening means heretofore employed, there has been a relatively'rigid con- 55 I nection between the building panels 'and the framework means, so that terrific strains and Pressures have been set up in the wall or ceiling, resulting in bulging of the surface and cracking of the plastic material, where such has 5o been applied. By the use of swivel clips of the class herein described, these dangers maybe practically eliminated. Obviously, there may be a relatively great movement'of the studs or supports with relation to the board edges since 65 the clips not only allow for pivotal movement at the connection but also allow for a sliding movement. Moreover, we flnd that the use of swivel clips allows for great latitude with respect to how the wall 'orceiling supports may 70 be positioned relative to the. board joints. This is exceptionally valuable wher'for structural reasons it becomes desirable to vary the usual framework arrangement. For example, it is general practice .in wall" -constructions to provide (6 wallboard panels in four to six foot widths and of lengths adequate to extend vertically from the floor to the ceiling of the room, usually between seven and ten feet, or the boards may be placed horizontally with the ends coming together over a stud. In constructing a building it may be necessary only to provide building studs at relatively considerable distances apart, say, for example, ten feet on centers, for support of the structure itself, while for purposes of proper rigidity in a wall and to prevent undue flexing of the surface under certain conditions, studs should, to secure proper wall stability, be positioned at shorter intervals. That would necessitate the uneconomical procedure of placing certain false studs serving only as support for the edges of the wall panels. Where swivel clips are used, however, a single support may be run diagonally between the building supports from adjacent the base of one to adjacent the head of the other, similar to the arrangement shown in Fig. 14. The clips will then be placed wherever the diagonal member intersects the panel joints, regardless of the angle of the diagonal member relative t) the joints.

We have shown and described certain swivel clip combinations, but it will be recognized that the various parts of the different forms of clip may be interchanged and/or modified as required to meet conditions or to secure more desirable combinations. Moreover, we contemplate the use of swivel type clips in any building construction in which their use may be advantageous, for we do not wish to be limited to the specific examples illustrated and described herein.

We would state in conclusion that while the illustrated examples constitute practical embodiments of our invention, we do not wish to limit ourselves precisely to these details, since manifestly, the same may be considerably varied without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a building construction, a wall or ceiling comprising a plurality of supports, a plurality of building panels arranged in a plane adjacent said supports, the edges of said panels adjoining and lying at an acute angle with relation to said supports, and means for attaching said panels to said supports.

2. In a building constr ction, a pair of building boards arranged in a pl e adjacent a support, the adjoining edges of said boards, lying at an acute angle to said support, means for holding the edges of said boards together, and means for securing said last mentioned means to said support.

3. In a building construction, an H-shaped runner having oppositely disposed channels and flanges for the reception of adjoining edges of building boards, a clip having opposed channels for slidable attachment to opposite flanges of said runner, one of said clip flanges normally extending at an angle into one of said runner channels so as to resiliently engage a board edge and be moved into locking position by said board edge, and pivotally connected means for attaching said clip to a supporting member.

4. In a building cnstruction,a runner having outstanding flanges for supporting the adjoining edges of building panels, a swiveled attaching clip having opposed flanges for engaging flanges of said runner. a supporting member, and means said clip to said support, said resilient means constituting the sole support for said engaging means.

6. In a clip adapted for securing building panels to supports in sound deadened building construction, means comprising a pair of opposed channels for engaging the edges of said panels, and resilient means comprising a resilient loop provided with support engaging means, said resilient means being pivotally connected to said channeled means, and comprising the sole support for said channel means.

'7. In an attaching clip, means comprising a strip of metal folded to form opposed channels for slidably receiving outstanding flanges of a board supporting runner, means comprising a U- shaped member for attachment to a wooden building support, and means for pivotally connecting said first two mentioned means.

8. In a swivel attaching clip, a pair of pivotally connected disk-like members, means on one of said members for engagement with a flanged wall or ceiling support, and means associated with the other of said members to provide engagement with building boards.

9. In means for erecting building boards, a

pair of disks, one of said disks being of greater diameter than the other and having its edge turned over to slidingly embrace the smaller disk, means on one of said disks for engaging a board supporting runner, and means on the other of said disks for engaging a building frame member.

10. In an attaching clip, means comprising a strip of metal folded to provide flange means for receiving a board supporting member, a metallic disk-like member, a pair of tongues formed on said disk-like member, an arcuate rim along the periphery of said member, and means integral with said first mentioned means adapted to engage said rim to permit pivotal movement of said disk-like member relative to said flrst mentioned means.

11. In an attaching clip, means comprising a strip of metal folded back to provide outstanding and return bent flanges forming opposed channels for slidably receiving outstanding a board supporting runner, a metal disk, a pair of tongues cut from said disk to leave an arcuate rim adjacent the periphery of said disk, said tongues providing means for engaging a flanged frame member, and bands cut from said strip of metal and bent over to slidlngly engage said arcuate rim to permit pivotal movement of said flrst mentioned means and the disk means.

12. In a wall construction, a pair of wallboards, a runner supporting the adjoining edges of said boards, a horizontally extending metallic base member provided with flanges, substantially resilient prongs on said base member to frictionally bear the edge of a board against a flange,

flanges of 55 a vertical metallic stud, additional prongs on said panels, a runner supporting the adjoining edges 7 of said panels, a vertical, metallic stud, a horizontally extending metallic base member provided with means to frictionaliyengage the end of said stud and the edge of a panel, and means for pivotally and slidably connecting said runner and said stud.

14. In a building construction, supporting I means, a pair of building boards adjacent said supporting means, the adjoining edges of said building boards running at other than a right angle with respect to said supporting means, a runner strip having outstanding, opposed flanges, forming channels for engaging and retaining said board edges together, a clip having flanges forming channels for engaging certain flanges of said runner, and means pivotally connected with said clip for attachment to said supporting means.

'15. In a building construction, a pair of trapezoidal building boards arranged in a plane with the edges thereof in adjoining relation, a runner strip having outstanding, opposed flanges forming channels for engaging and supporting said edges, a swivel clip having flanges forming channels for normally slidably engaging certain flanges of said runner, said clip flanges being locked in position on said runner by engagement with said boards, and means for supporting said clip. 4

16. In a building construction, a metallic beam having an outstanding flange, a swivel clip having opposed flanges on one part engaging said beam flange and being supported thereby, a pivotally connected part on said clip providingv a second pair of opposed flanges, said second pair of flanges forming channels, a runner having opposed flanges engaging with said second pair of flanges, said runner having opposed channels,

and building boards having the edges thereof supported in said opposed runner channels.

1'7. In a building construction, support means, a runner of sheet metal having a body portion with edges folded back to form opposed channels for the reception of the edges of adjoining boards, said body portion lying flush against the front face of said boards, said runner extending obliquely with relation to said support means and having flanges adjacent the rear face of said boards, and swivel clip means for engaging said rear. flanges and said support means.

18., An attaching clip, comprising a strip of metal folded to provide outstanding and return bent flanges forming opposed channels for slidably receiving outstanding flanges of a board supporting runner, means pivotally associated with said clip for attaching said clip to' a supporting member, and a-rivet connecting said strip and means.

' 19. In an attaching clip, means comprising a strip of metal folded back to provide outstanding and return bent flanges forming opposed channels for slidably receiving outstanding flanges of a board supporting runner, other substantially similar means for engaging the outstanding flanges of a framework member, and means for pivotally connecting said first two mentioned means.

20. In a. swivel attaching clip, a pair of disks, the periphery of one of said disks being bent back to form a flange to slidingly engage the remaining disk and provide the pivotal connection be-' tween said disks, a pair of opposed tongues,-

21. In a swivel attaching clip, a pair of disks,

one of said disks having a portion thereof turned over to slidingly embrace a portion of the other disk and forming a pivotal connection therebetween, means on one of said disks for engaging a panel engaging member, and means on the other of said disks for engaging a building frame member.

22. In a building construction, a wall or ceiling support, a pair of building panels arranged adjacent said support in substantially edge abutting relation, and a swivel clip connecting said panels to said support, said clip comprising a metallic strip bent back upon itself from two opposite edges to form a pair of channels in substantially web to web relation connected by a base member and adapted to engage adjacent building panel edges, and a support engaging member pivotally connected to said base member.

23. In a building construction, a wall or ceiling support, a plurality of building panels arranged in a plane adjacent-said support, a swivel clip connecting said panels to said support, said clip comprising a metallic strip bent back upon itself along two opposite edges to form a pair of channels in substantially web to web relation with one flange of each channel connected by an integral base member and the opposite flanges unconnected, said channels engaging adjacent building panel edges with said unconnected flanges 'on the outside of the panels, a support engaging member pivotally connected to said base member, and a relatively thin finishing coating of plastic material on said panels and embedding said unconnected flanges.

24. In a building construction, a wall or ceiling support, a pair of building panels arranged in a plane adjacent said support, a swivel clip connecting said panels to said support, said clip comprising a thin metallic strip bent back upon itself to form a pair of channels in substantially web to web relation and having one flange of each channel connected by an integral base member, and the remaining flanges unconnected whereby said connected flanges are of double thickness, said channels engaging the panel edges with the unconnected flanges on the outside, a member pivotally connected to said integral base member adjacent said double thickness flanges and attaching said clip to said wall or ceiling support, and a relatively thin finishing coating of plastic material on the building panels and covering said exposed thin clip flanges.

25. In a building construction, a wall or ceilingcomprising a plurality of supports in spaced relation, a plurality of building panels arranged in a plane adjacent said supports, the edges of said panels being in adjoining relation with the joints formed thereby running at oblique angles to said supports, means adjustable to the angularity of said joints for connecting said panels to said supports at points where said joints and supports intersect, and means for connecting said board edges where they are free of said supports.

FRED A. MANSKE. OLIVER E. GIBSON. 

